What is spinal fusion?
When instability in the spine causes a patient chronic discomfort, it’s possible that their doctor will recommend spinal fusion surgery. True to its name, this procedure involves “welding” two vertebrae together to form a single bone, restoring stability to the spine.
In addition to eliminating motion between the two vertebrae, spinal fusion surgery also prevents the surrounding ligaments, muscles, and nerves from overstretching. Theoretically, if spinal motion is a source of pain, freezing the painful vertebrae should permanently eliminate the pain — however, the surgery is recommended only if doctors are certain that spinal motion, and not some other factor, is the source of pain.
To perform spinal fusion surgery, the surgeon will use a bone graft to prompt the vertebrae to fuse. The bone graft, which helps to stimulate bone production and healing, can be harvested from a bone bank, collected from the patient’s body, or made of synthetic material. After the bone graft, the spine will be immobilized for several weeks to allow for fusion and healing.
Source:
OrthoInfo