Physical therapy for herniated discs

Herniated disc symptoms

Patients sometimes confuse the symptoms of a herniated disc with regular back pain. However, there are specific symptoms which can help distinguish the two. Firstly, herniated discs are more common in the lower part of the spine just above the hips, and can cause pain to spread down the back of the legs. Secondly, these symptoms tend to worsen when the patient is active — for example, when a patient coughs or sneezes.

Herniated discs located in the upper back or neck area present with different symptoms—pain, numbness, or tingling in the shoulder or arms, which can seem to shoot further down the arm when the patient moves.

The most common symptoms of a herniated disc include:

• Arm or leg pain
• Numbness
• Tingling
• Weakness

Physical therapy for a herniated disc

For patients with herniated discs, physical therapy offers both immediate pain relief and long-term injury prevention. Most physical therapy programs for herniated discs begin with passive treatments, including deep tissue massage, hot and cold therapy, hydrotherapy, electrical nerve stimulation, and traction.

Active treatments are the next step of the physical therapy program. While passive treatments reduce and prevent, active treatments are designed to improve flexibility and strength. Common active treatments include core stabilizing and muscle strengthening exercises, stretching, and water aerobics. As surgery is often not elected for this condition, physical therapy typically plays a major role in recovery.